Two prisoners still at large were mistakenly released in 2024, the BBC understands.
Two others remain missing after being released in June 2025.
Details of the four prisoners emerge as ministers face increasing pressure over a series of high-profile mistaken releases.
Two more men wrongly released from Wandsworth prison in London are back in custody after a police chase this week, which came just weeks after a migrant sex offender was released at the end of October.
Algerian sex offender Brahim Kaddour-Cherif was arrested on Friday after being released on October 29, while William Smith surrendered again to the south London prison on Thursday.
This came after migrant sex offender Hadush Kebatu, who arrived in the UK on a small boat, was mistakenly released from HMP Chelmsford in Essex.
A Ministry of Justice spokesperson told the BBC: “The vast majority of wrongfully released offenders quickly return to prison, and we will do everything we can to work with the police to capture the few who are still in the community.”
Earlier, shadow justice secretary Robert Jenrick said the missing prisoners revealed “the incompetence of this government”.
“It should not be left to journalists to discover the facts. [Justice Secretary] “David Lammy must finally clarify how many prisoners have been accidentally released and how many remain at large.”
A spokesman for the Liberal Democrats said “every resource must be devoted” to finding the prisoners.
“This is a disgrace and utter chaos. The media should not be needed to inform the public that prisoners are free after an accidental release,” said Jess Brown-Fuller.
