Darbhanga: Linear spots visible on wheat leaves may be a sign of Bacterial Leaf Streak (BLS) disease. It is a serious bacterial disease that affects wheat, barley, maize and various grass species. Head of Post Graduate Department of Plant Pathology, Professor S. Of. Singh says that in the current climate change era, this disease is emerging as a serious problem.
This is how the disease is identified
This disease can be identified by linear and water-soaked spots forming on the leaves. Initially these spots are dark green in color, which later turn yellow, orange or brown. Sometimes cream or yellow colored sticky bacterial secretion is also visible on the surface of the leaves. The edges of these spots are often wavy, which is considered a very special characteristic of this disease.
Why does this disease spread?
Bacterial leaf streak disease is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas translucens, which is mainly found in wheat and barley, while a similar problem in paddy is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae. This disease spreads through seeds and crop residues. Warm temperatures, around 25 to 30 degrees Celsius, high humidity and frequent rains create favorable conditions for the spread of this disease.
Crop growth is also affected
The economic importance of this disease is also very high. The photosynthesis capacity of the leaves decreases, which affects the growth of the crop. This has a direct impact on yield and quality. A decline in the quality and nutritional value of green fodder is also seen in maize and fodder grasses.
How to prevent?
Prevention is key for coordinated management of bacterial leaf streak. For this, certified and disease free seeds should be used and attention should be paid to seed purification. Field cleanliness is very important, hence removal of infected crop residues, control of weeds and self-grown plants should be done.
It is also important to pay special attention to water and moisture management. There should be proper drainage system in the field and sprinkler irrigation should be avoided. Limited use of copper based medicines can be done if needed.
Farmers should be alert if this happens
If streaks are seen on wheat leaves, farmers should be alert, because it could be bacterial leaf streak disease. It is possible to prevent this disease by adopting timely awareness and scientifically coordinated management. Only when the crop remains healthy, the yield and income will increase, because only a good and safe crop gives better profits.
